Quality Engineering Management of 3D Printing Research Proposal

Quality Engineering Management of 3D Printing - Research Proposal Example The introduction of the 3D printer has been one of the most remarkable examples of technological advancements through which, the users are allowed to transform any form of digital file into a physical product of three-dimensional innovations. 3D printing is highly customizable and the users can produce their desired three-dimensional objects according to their choices. The development of 3D printing has served beneficial for various manufacturing industries, creative industries, as well as within the dimension of research and education. However, there are various challenges and problems of 3D printing technology, essential to solving in order to improve the quality of output, which will be discussed in the research study. 3D printing has contributed much to the industrial sectors and individuals with its technology through which, a digital file can easily be converted into a three dimensional object. However, there are certain problems encountered when implementing the technology tha t is negatively affecting the users to obtain a desired and reliable outcome. 3D printing is used almost in every manufacturing industry such as automobiles, apparels, aircraft and firearms among others.Moreover, the technology has also contributed much in the film industries for adding various special effects to creations, especially when developing animated movies. The problems in the technology of 3D printing will negatively influence the output produced by these industries that will ultimately affect the performance of the industries.

The Central Theme of Hamlet Is the Problem of Revenge Essay Example for Free

The Central Theme of Hamlet Is the Problem of Revenge Essay English oral The central theme of Hamlet is the problem of revenge. One after reading Hamlet can’t disagree with this statement. Not only is revenge the central theme in Hamlet but Shakespeare also shows us why revenge is problematic. One of the things that Shakespeare wanted people to take out of his play is that revenge is not only problematic but also harmful to not only the person seeking it but those around him. First we must understand why revenge is problematic. When one’s got revenge on one’s mind he tends to think all about that and nothing else. It seems that revenge clouds his mind and therefore his decision making. We see this when Hamlet kills Polonius thinking its Claudius, if Hamlet would have taken the few seconds to look who it was behind the curtain he would have seen it was Polonius and not Claudius. However he was so busy in seeking revenge on Claudius that even though he took all this time to make sure Claudius was guilty at the end revenge has gotten into his mind so deeply that he couldn’t even wait to check he’s killing the right person. Revenge also causes a snow ball affect and when the whole hierarchy of a state is busy with revenge the state can never be run properly. Through the whole play Shakespeare gives us examples of why revenge is problematic. His favorite character to do this is Hamlet; he uses Hamlet to show that when one is seeking revenge it’s the only thing on his mind, and that can drive a person into madness. An example of this is the relationship between Hamlet and Ophelia. At the begging of the play we get the feeling that they’re in love however after Hamlet is approached by the ghost and is told to go seek revenge we start to see Hamlet hating Ophelia and even latter on in a fight between Hamlet and Ophelia Hamlet says, â€Å"I loved you not. However then at Ophelia’s funeral Hamlet says, â€Å"Frothy thousand brothers could not with all their quantity of love make up my sun. † Towards play end of the play Shakespeare shows us the consequences of revenge. After Hamlet kills Polonius, Laertes comes back wanting to seek revenge, because Laertes has got nothing but revenge on his mind he is easily convin ced by Claudius to try and kill Hamlet. This causes Laertes to follow through with Claudius plan and which he will use a poisoned sword in a duel against Hamlet. Laertes manages to hit Hamlet with the sword however Hamlet then quickly gets the sword of Laertes and hits him. Laertes who knows that he’s now doomed realizes how foolish he has been because he let revenge take over. He quickly confesses to Hamlet what has happened at which time the queen dies as she drunk from the poisoned drink that Claudius set up. All this causes Hamlet to finally do what he set out to do in the begging of the play and kill Claudius. We end up with the whole hierarchy of Denmark dead just because of revenge. Shakespeare clearly shows how problematic revenge can be and it’s negative affects. It’s the central theme of Hamlet and an important lesson that Shakespeare hopes we will all learn.

The Anxiety of Anti-Anxiety Medications Essay -- Biology Essays Resear

The Anxiety of Anti-Anxiety Medications 19 million Americans (approximately one in eight) aged 18-54 suffer from anxiety disorders. (1) When I heard this statistic, I realized how important the discussion of such disorders was to the sciences. 1/8th of the most productive portion of the US population suffers from an anxiety disorder. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), a division of the Institutes of Health for the Federal Government, is committed to research causes and treatment of such disorders. (2) Progress has been made, comparing studies of animals to studies of humans, in pinpointing the specific areas of the brain. Anxiety is associated with fear- fear of a specific object or situation, generalized fear and worry, recurring fearful memories, etc. The NIMH has found that a specific portion of the brain, the amygdala, controls the body's automatic response to fear. When the brain is confronted with fear, the brain takes two course of action. One, the brain transmits information to the cerebral cortex (the thinking part of the brain) to inform it of what specifically is endangering the individual. Second, the brain transmits to the amygdala the same information, so that the body might prepare for action. Beyond this information, not much is known regarding the causes or mechanics of anxiety. Granted, understanding which portions of the brain are affected by or control anxiety is an important step. However, not much conclusive evidence or useful conclusions have been reached regarding anxiety. With this information in mind, I began thinking of my personal experiences with anxiety. On one occasion I went to the emergency room, expressing the inability to breathe and dizziness. It was concluded that I ... ... the brain, assuming the medications directly treat anxiety. It is a process of elimination of sorts- it is one step in the scientific process of discovery. Thus, perhaps the prescribing of such medications will facilitate researchers. However, I think the scientific community ought to bear in mind the potential dangers of this method before applicating its results directly to patients. References 1) National Institute of Mental Health http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/anxresfact.cfm 2) National Institute of Mental Health http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/anxresfact.cfm 3) Neuropsychology and medical psychology medical resources http://www.driesen.com/index.html 4) Neuropsychology and medical psychology medical resources http://www.driesen.com/ssris.htm 5) PDR Health http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/ata1035.shtml

Fools Crow by James Welch Essays -- Fools Crow James Welch Essays

Fools Crow by James Welch We turn back the clock as Welch draws on historical sources and Blackfeet cultural stories in order to explore the past of his ancestors. As a result, he provides a basis for a new understanding of the past and the forces that led to the deciding factor of the Plains Indian tribes. Although Fools Crow reflects the pressure to assimilate inflicted by the white colonizers on the Blackfeet tribes, it also portrays the influence of economic changes during this period. The prosperity created by the hide trade does not ultimately protect the tribe from massacre by the white soldiers. It does, however, effectively change the Blackfeet economy and women's place in their society. Thus, it sets the stage for the continued deterioration of their societal system. Although their economic value is decreased, women still represent an important cog in the economic structure. Indeed, women are central to the survival of the Blackfeet tribal community that Welch creates and in many ways this strength and centrality provide background for the strength of the women depicted in his more contemporary novels. Welch's examination of the past leads to a clearer understanding of the present Blackfeet world presented throughout his work. James Welch relies heavily on documented Blackfeet history and family stories, but he merges those actual events and people with his imagination and thus creates a tension between fiction and history, weaving a tapestry that reflects a vital tribal community under pressure from outside forces. Welch re-imagines the past in order to document history in a way that includes past and future generations, offers readers insight into the tribal world-views of the Blackfeet, examines women's roles in the tribe, and leads to a recovery of identity. Welch also creates a Blackfeet world of the late 1800s--a tribal culture in the process of economic and social change as a result of the introduction of the horse and gun and the encroachment of the white invaders or "seizers" as Welch identifies them. Significantly, Welch deconstructs the myth that Plains Indian women were just slaves and beasts of burden and presents them as fully rounded women, women who were crucial to the survival of the tribal community. In fact, it is the women who perform the day-to-day duties and rituals that enable cultural survival for the tribes of... ... Just as Fools Crow reaches back to the past in an effort to provide for Yellow Kidney's family, he looks to the future near the end of the novel and tells the survivor of the massacre at Marias River: "It is good you are alive. You will have much to teach the young ones about the Napikwans." He remembers Feather Woman's vision of Pikuni children, "quiet and huddled together, alone and foreign in their own country" and says, "We must think of our children." Transcending time through imagination leads to a unification of past and present, and reflecting on the roles women fulfilled in the past and their relative position of balance in contemporary Blackfeet society leads to the conclusion that it is the day-to-day functions they performed that enabled cultural survival. Tribal world-view demands attention to everyday tasks to achieve the balance needed for survival and it was the women who were grounded and provided the center for the community. The theme that James Welch has presented to us about a Blackfeet world "endangered but intact where men and women know who and where they are." Plays a big part in our own lives; we all need to find our self in this world and act upon it.

Cross Language Translation in a Web-based Environment Essay

One of the major problems with cross-language translations involving those that are rarely used together (i. e. Finish Lithuanian) is that there are no dictionaries available or it is extremely difficult to find one. The main problem is that there are not enough people to create a market and no one would invest in creation of such kind of dictionaries. English-based dictionaries, however, is of abundance. This project tackled the above cited problem in Cross Language Translation using English as its base dictionary. Artificial intelligence through Neural Networks was used as it appeared well-suited to problems of this nature. For this reason, artificial intelligence through neural networks was investigated as a potential tool to improve translation accuracy but future implementation was left as a possibility. WordNet ® was also investigated as source of defining English words and possible tool to achieve greater accuracy in cross-language translations. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to thank all those who have contributed in any way, shape or form to the completion of this project report, those at Zodynai. org and the Anglia Ruskin University for their advice and support. Thanks to my friends and family who (once again) tolerated my lack of time and sometimes grumpy demeanour. More thanks to friends at Anglia Ruskin University for their ideas and criticism. Your support (directly and indirectly) is greatly appreciated. T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S ABSTRACT Acknowledgements TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES METHODOLOGIES DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION CONCLUSION AND EVALUATION BIBILIOGRAPHY APPENDICES A Project Specification B User/Software Installation Guide A C Software Installation Guide B D Poster and Visual Presentations E Source Code F Abbreviations and Acronyms INTRODUCTION The multilingual world and the barriers it entails. A large number of people across the world converse in English thus it serves as the primary lingua franca for developments in the research world. Most publications and journals are published in such language. This leaves publications in other languages inaccessible and apparently, information in English is withheld from those millions who do not speak English (Diekema 2003) Recent trends promote the construction of a far-reaching complex infrastructure for transporting information across boundaries. Apparently, language shares a vital portion in the hindrances presented by National borders. Whilst the fact is inevitable that English remains the most spoken language in the whole world and though, it is true that the spread of ‘World English’ can promote cooperation and equity, longstanding linguistic competition threatens to be even more divisive in a globalizing world. (Maurais et al n. d. ) A lot is currently going on to overcome these linguistic barriers. The most efficient approach to overcoming such is with cross-language translation and in this literature it will well be mostly in the web-based-online-dictionary aspect of such approach. English has always been the main focus of information retrieval, well, that is by tradition. Many of them retrieval algorithms and heuristics stem from English speaking countries and thus are based on the said language. Over the years, these retrieval methods have been adopted by other language communities, creating a wide selection of language-specific monolingual retrieval systems. However, to ensure complete information exchange, information retrieval systems need to be multilingual or cross-lingual. (Diekema 2003) There are a lot of ways to pin down the hindrance of being in this multi-lingual world, the barrier of being in a world divided by being in English- or Non-English-speaking territories. And, as presented, the most researched approach is through Cross-Language translation. OBJECTIVES Main problem that we are facing when translating with English based dictionary is connecting various language data bases. One of solutions for this program is to create a base dictionary (as seen in Figure 1). Figure 1 Other major problem is that performing translation a lot of noise is created. As seen in Figure 2. Figure 2 We can examine this in greater detail in Figure 3. Word Autobusas is translated from Lithuanian language to Russian based on English language. Two different possible translations occur (bus, omnibus) when translating Lithuanian -> English. First word â€Å"bus† translated from English to Russian has three meanings â€Å"Ð °Ã ²Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã ±Ã'Æ'Ã' Ã¢â‚¬  †Ã ¾Ã ¼Ã ½Ã ¸Ã ±Ã'Æ'Ã' Ã¢â‚¬  †Ã'ˆÐ ¸Ã ½Ã °Ã¢â‚¬  word translated. As first few are synonyms third one has totally different value and meant â€Å"Topology bus†. As you can see on reverse translations †Ã'ˆÐ ¸Ã ½Ã °Ã¢â‚¬  will going to give you four different meanings translated in Lithuanian language. Figure 3 We are going to investigate WordNet and Neural networks approach for possible solution of this problem. METHODOLOGIES Cross-Language Information Retrieval, its promise. Information retrieval entails an individual querying about something of interest to him. Inevitably, since we are life forms known to be ever inquisitive, we do Information Retrieval in every aspect of our living. This event so commonly happens in a lot of situation and may be best displayed in a Library when a student picks his book of choice. Formally, let us define Information Retrieval (IR) as the process in which users with information need query a collection of documents to find those documents that satisfy his need. (Diekema 2003) In the electronic realm, the user queries by typing in related words, the system then processes these keywords to create a representation understandable by the system. In the course of the procedure, the system usually strips off non-bearing fragments of the query keywords such as articles like determiners, prepositions, and pronouns. The document collection undergoes the same process resulting to a list of document representations or a catalogue. To find documents that are similar to the query, the ‘stripped off’ query representation is then matched against the catalogue. When a certain degree of similarity between the catalogue and the ‘stripped off’ query has been established, the documents with the uppermost similarity scores (depending on the settings, say top 10) are shown to the user as results. This occurs typically during browsing through the internet and Google. comTM best displays this example. A development of IR is CLIR – the Cross-Language Information Retrieval, which, as the name implies, is information retrieval in a multi-linguistic environment. Consequently, CLIR techniques simplify searching by multilingual users and allow monolingual searchers to judge relevance based on machine translated results and/or to allocate expensive translation resources to the most promising foreign language documents. (Diekema 2003) Simple IR systems only consist of a Query, an Input Cleanser, a Matcher, the Document database and the Output, in logical order. The addition of Language Translators would make this system a Cross-Language Information Retrieval system. Of course the Document database would now contain multi-lingual entries as well and the output is to be presented in the way the query has been placed in the input. Figure 4 would show the Cross-Language Information Retrieval system in schematics. The method Cross-language Retrieval Systems promises users to state their queries in their native language and retrieve documents in all the languages supported by the system. (Diekema 2003) Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. Artificial intelligence (AI) results to simulation of intellectual practice such as comprehension, rationalization and learning symbolic information in context. In AI, the automation or programming of all aspects of human cognition is considered from its foundations in cognitive science through approaches to symbolic and sub-symbolic AI, natural language processing, computer vision, and evolutionary or adaptive systems. (Neumann n. d. ) AI considered being an extremely intricate domain of problems which during preliminary stages in the problem-solving phase of this nature, the problem itself may be viewed poorly. A precise picture of the problem can only be seen upon interactive and incremental refinement of course, after you have taken the initial attempt to solve the mystery. AI always comes hand in hand with machine logistics. How else could mind act appropriately but with the body. In this case, a machine takes the part of the body. In a bit, this literature will be tackling about AI implemented through Neural Network. The author deems it necessary though to tackle Machine learning and thus the succeeding paragraphs. Machine Learning is primarily concerned with designing and developing algorithms and procedures that allow machines to â€Å"learn† – either inductive or deductive, which, in general, is its two types. At this point, we will be referring to machines as computers since in the world nowadays, the latter are the most widely used for control. Hence, we now hone our definition of Machine Learning as the study of methods for programming computers to learn. Computers are applied to a wide range of tasks, and for most of these it is relatively easy for programmers to design and implement the necessary software. (Dietterich n. d. ) Machine learning techniques are grouped into different categories basing on the expected outcome. Common types include Supervised, Unsupervised, Semi-supervised or Reinforcement learning. There is also the Transduction method and the ‘Learning to learn’ scheme. A section of theoretical computer science, Computational Learning Theory is the investigation on the computation of algorithms of Machine Learning including its efficiency. Researches on Machine Learning focuses mainly on the automatic extraction of information data, through computational and statistical methods. It is very much correlated not only to theoretical computer science as well as data mining and statistics. Supervised learning is the simplest learning task. It is an algorithm to which it is ruled by a function that automatically plots inputs to expected outputs. The task of supervised learning is to construct a classifier given a set of classified training examples (Dietterich n. d. ). The main challenge for supervised learning is that of generalization that a machine is expected in approximating the conduct that a function will exhibit which maps out a connection towards a number of classes through comparison of IO samples of the said function. When many plot-vector pairs are interrelated, a decision tree is derived which aids into viewing how the machine behaves with the function it currently holds. One advantage of decision trees is that, if they are not too large, they can be interpreted by humans. This can be useful both for gaining insight into the data and also for validating the reasonableness of the learned tree (Dietterich n. d. ). In unsupervised learning, manual matching of inputs is not utilized. Though, it is most often distinguished as supervised learning and it is one with an unknown output. This makes it very hard to decide what counts as success and suggests that the central problem is to find a suitable objective function that can replace the goal of agreeing with the teacher (Hinton & Sejnowski 1999). Simple classic examples of unsupervised learning include clustering and dimensionality reduction. (Ghahramani 2004) Semi-supervised learning entails learning situations where is an ample number of labelled data as compared to the unlabelled data. These are very natural situations, especially in domains where collecting data can be cheap (i. e. the internet) but labelling can be very expensive/time consuming. Many of the approaches to this problem attempt to infer a manifold, graph structure, or tree-structure from the unlabelled data and use spread in this structure to determine how labels will generalize to new unlabelled points. (Ghahramani 2004) Transduction is comparable to supervised learning in predicting new results with training inputs and outputs, as well as, test inputs – accessible during teaching, as basis, instead of behaving in accordance to some function. All these various types of Machine-Learning techniques can be used to fully implement Artificial Intelligence for a robust Cross-Language translation. One thing though, this literature is yet to discuss the planned process of machine learning this research shall employ, and that is by Neural Networks. There is yet to be a precise definition as to what Artificial Neural Network is, though many researchers would agree that it concerns a network of austere processing elements – otherwise known as the neurons, which presents complex behaviour established by the relationship amongst processing and parametrical elements. The main inspiration that lead to the development of this technique was from the investigation of, no lesser than, our Central Nervous System and the neurons (including their axons, dendrites and synapses) which make up its most important information processing elements. A neural network model would show us that simple nodes are connected forming a network of nodes — thus, its coining as â€Å"neural network. † A Neural Network functions in 2 different manners – learning and testing. The former would literally mean, the system learns the ways it is supposed to behave while the latter is when rigorous repetition of training would eventually result to a stable system, defined by its giving of constant satisfactory outputs. Most â€Å"abstract reasoning† of an Artificial Neural Networks are being implemented through three learning types – supervised, unsupervised and the reinforced learning, as has been introduced in the preceding paragraphs. Supervised learning entails a functional relationship between the input and the output. The system has to learn every possible IO pair that can be thought of. In case, there is a miss, all that has to be done is to input the said pair into the memory of the system hence when it resurfaces, the system knows how the handle it. Hence, basically, the goal is to ‘teach’ the network to identify the given input with the desired output. (Sordo 2002) This is usually best achieved when function f has already been derived to represent the behaviour of the Neural Network system. For unsupervised learning, we feed an input and a function to the system and record what behaviour the system outputs with such input and function. To begin with the learning process, there are no IO-pairs as opposed to supervised learning. Ultimately, the main goal of achieving the stable state will be attained through rigorous repetition of test with different sets of inputs. This type of systems – imploring unsupervised learning as its method of learning, are best displayed in statistical modelling, and the likes. Reinforcement learning stems its roots from the related psychological theory that has been conceived even before AI has been. Dynamically, in this type of learning, the machine interacts with its environment by producing actions a1, a2, †¦ These actions affect the state of the environment, which in turn results in the machine receiving some scalar rewards (or punishments) r1, r2, †¦ The goal of the machine is to learn to act in a way that maximizes the future rewards it receives (or minimises the punishments) over its lifetime. Reinforcement learning is closely related to the fields of decision theory (in statistics and management science), and control theory (in engineering). The fundamental problems studied in these fields are often formally equivalent, and the solutions are the same, although different aspects of problem and solution are usually emphasised. (Ghahramani 2004) Advantages of investing a system through Neural Networks. Neural networks with always have the outstanding characteristic of deriving intelligence from the usually complicated and, oftentimes, fuzzy data stored in the neurons. These systems, oftentimes, offer to be easy utilities to deduce patterns and perceive trends that are difficult to be noticed by either human observation or by our current computer intelligence. A trained neural network is regarded as an â€Å"expert† in the category of information it has been given to analyze. This expert can then be used to provide projections given new situations of interest and answer â€Å"what if† questions. (Chung et al 2007) It is used for adaptive learning on how to handle tasks based on the input provided for training or preliminary experience. It is a self-organizational tool that hones its own picture of the data it receives in as early as learning time. Neural networks another feature is that it is a real-time operation system where all calculation may be performed in parallel. Fault Tolerance via Redundant Information Coding is another aspect of the neural system where partial destruction of a network leads to the corresponding degradation of performance. However, some network capabilities may be retained even with major network damage. The platform to a successful implementation. Several environments can be used in totally implementing a Cross-Language Translator through with the various and fast developments in computer technology since its introduction. In the succeeding paragraphs we will be tackling some of those that has come the author’s A-list. Microsoft . NET Framework. This framework form part of Microsoft Windows operating systems, containing a vast number of pre-coded resolutions to general program requirements, and governing the performance of programs written particularly for the framework. This framework is a vital Microsoft contribution and is projected on being utilized by most applications created and to be created for Windows platform. Pre-coded solutions outlining the framework’s Base Class Library (third layer from Operating System in the . NET Framework) encompass a wide range of software requirements in areas including: cross language translation, user interface, database connectivity, cryptography, data access, web application growth, network communications, and numeric algorithms. This layer contains classes, value types, and interfaces that you will use often in your development process. Most notably within the . NET Framework Base Classes is ADO. NET, which provides access to and management of data. Supervising the software’s runtime requirements, this software is written for the . NET Framework implemented in an environment. This runtime environment, which is also a part of the . NET Framework, is known as the Common Language Runtime (CLR). The CLR provides the appearance of an application virtual machine, so that programmers need not consider the capabilities of the particular CPU that will implement the program. The CLR also provides other significant services such as security mechanisms, memory management, and exception handling. The class library and the CLR together compose the . NET Framework. The . NET Framework is included with Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista, and can be installed on some older versions of Windows. .NET Framework 1. 1 This is the first major . NET Framework upgrade that is accessible on its own as a redistributable package or in a software development kit since its publishing on April 3, 2003. It forms part of the second release of Microsoft Visual Studio . NET – the Visual Studio . NET 2003, and is the first version of the . NET Framework to be included as part of the Windows operating system, shipping with Windows Server 2003. 7 .NET Framework 3. 5 This version was authoritatively released to manufacturing (RTM) on November 19, 2007. As with . NET Framework 3. 0, this version applies the CLR of version 2. 0. It also installs . NET Framework 2. 0 SP1 adding some methods and properties to the BCL classes in version 2. 0 which are vital for version 3. 5 features such as Language Integrated Query (LINQ). These changes, however, do not involve applications written for version 2. 0 and a separately, new . NET Compact Framework 3. 5 was released in hand-in-hand with this revision to give support for additional features on Windows Mobile and Windows Embedded CE devices. The source code of the Base Class Library in this version has been partially released under Microsoft Reference License. 7 .NET Framework 3. 5 builds incrementally on the new features added in . NET Framework 3. 0 – for example, feature sets in Windows Workflow Foundation (WWF), Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) and Windows CardSpace. This version also consists of a number of new features in several technology areas which have been added as new assemblies to avoid breaking changes. They are: (a) deep integration of Language Integrated Query (LINQ) and data awareness which will let to write code written in LINQ-enabled languages to filter, enumerate, and produce projections of several types of SQL data, collections, XML, and datasets by means of the same syntax; (b) ASP. NET AJAX 3. 5 lets you craft more resourceful, more interactive and highly-personalized Web experiences that work transversely with almost all the most popular browsers; (c) The New Web protocol sustain for building WCF services adding AJAX, JSON, REST, POX, RSS, ATOM, and several new WS-* standards; (d) Full tooling support in Visual Studio 2008 for WF, WCF, and WPF, including the new workflow-enabled services technology; and, (e) New classes in . NET Framework 3. 5 base class library (BCL) that address many common customer requests. Visual Studio 2008 and the . NET Framework 3. 5. The Microsoft Visual Studio development system is an appropriate development instrument devised to aid developers to tackle complex problems, thus create inventive resolutions. This system’s role is to improve the development process; hence, achieving breakthroughs would be easier and more satisfying. Using the Microsoft Visual Studio Development system will be very productive for this project since it would continually deliver better ways for cross language translations with less energy and with ease from other software. It has efficient form of code editors, IntelliSense, Wizards, and multiple coding languages in one integrated development environment (IDE) to high-tech applications in life- cycle management. New versions of Visual Studio keep bringing innovative tools to help developers focus on solving problems without wasting time. With this development system, software developers gain from an integrated product experience that spans tools, servers, and services. Visual Studio products work well together with other Microsoft software, such as Microsoft server products and the Microsoft Office system. Visual Studio offers a comprehensive choice of tools for all phases of software development, testing, deployment, integration, and management. Every kind of software developer, from novice to skilled professional, can use the Visual Studio because it is engineered to support the development across all types of devices such as PCs, servers, the Web, and mobile devices. Visual Studio is the most reliable tool that is engineered and tested to be always dependable, secure, interoperable, and compatible. Visual Studio offers an unparalleled combination of security features, scalability, and interoperability. Although Visual Studio always incorporates forward- thinking features, it is designed to ensure backward-compatibility everywhere possible. Being a set of technology capabilities, core products, and best practice guidance, the Microsoft Application Platform (MAP) focuses on aiding IT and development business partners to maximize opportunity. As one of its core products, Visual Studio has always and continues to help spearhead for the right customer links, business efficiencies, and value-added services through provision of a fully integrated and single development environment for all types of advances, including Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Office, Web, and mobile applications.

Parent Involvement and Educational Outcomes

Parent Involvement and Educational Outcomes There is a continuously increasing population that lives in abject poverty. Poverty entails pulling through life with very limited resources. The resources may range from financial, psychological, spiritual, security, and physical materials, for example lack of proper housing. I choose to address an article by Misty Locour and Laura Tissington from South Arkansas University. The article is entitled The Effect of Poverty on Child Education.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Parent Involvement and Educational Outcomes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The two scholars start by observing that poverty or low income has a negative impact on the student’s academic performance (Misty, Tissington, 2011). The family is a moving system meaning that it copes with changes that come along, but in the process relevantly maintain a stable positive effect on the children’s academic performance. Too much expectations infl uence the student’s learning outcome, which in turn devastatingly affect parents. Family involvement in education needs entails a more comprehensive participation with educators having knowledge of family background. Poverty or low income is attributed to many things among them family type for example, blended families, single parent families, mother’s education level, and source of income. Misty and Laura note that there is a big gap in achievement among students from varied income backgrounds. Low socioeconomic status affects the chances of students performing well and their capability to complete schooling. Statistics indicate that students from poor families score less than twenty percentile in tests. Those from middle-income homes get an average of forty-five percentile whereas those from upper income backgrounds score a high percentile of seventy. The two scholars have also identified the source of income as a major poor performance. They note that welfare childr en, meaning those under The Aid to families with Dependent Children program (AFCD), perform poorly compared to those depending on income from other sources. They observe that aid works towards the student’s poor underperformance. The children on welfare programs are twice likely to perform poorly than those on other programs. The students who benefit from the welfare on short durations rank high on performance than those who are long-term beneficiaries.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This, the two scholars claim, is a clear indicator that aid affects the academic performance negatively. They further assert that aid is a medium through which laziness is created. The parents involved are most certainly people working in various industries or organizations. Since the food materials are already in supply, there would be no cause for working extra hard. The society in whi ch aid is provided lacks role models to provide intellectual motivation (Amatea, 2012). Misty and Laura discuss the level of education of the mother as being another cause of poor performance among students. They aver that this is very significant because it touches on adolescents. The level of education of the mother has more effects than the father’s level of education. This is associated with the closeness that mothers have with children. The presence of the mother serves to increase the supply of reading materials in the house, fostering family beliefs, and values Families with increased income has an increased number of children in early child education. This therefore according to Misty and Laura means that poor families and communities do not give education due attention. This creates strenuous working relationships between the educators and students. This is mainly in areas involving student’s actions versus instructions from teachers. References Amatea, E. (20 12). Building Culturally Responsive Family-School Relationships. New York: Pearson Learning Solutions. Misty, L., Tissington, L. (2011). The effects of poverty on academic achievement. Educational Research and Reviews, 6(7), 522-527.

moral standards essays

moral standards essays ARE MORAL STANDARDS RELATIVE? Ethics are moral principles or values that specify acceptable conduct, and determine how an institution will be governed. According to Shanahan and Wang, in their book Reason and Insight, the subject of ethics is morality, which is concerned with the practices, judgments, principles, and beliefs that guide peoples actions. It attempts to address the issue of how we ought to live. Many people have different values that guide their lives, but some of these values are better supported than others. Since people have different morals and values, it is important to distinguish between cultural and moral relativism. First, I will explain the difference between moral and cultural relativism. Next, I will indicate the claims that are supposed to follow from cultural relativism. Then I will explain one of the claims and show Shanahan and Wangs argument against this claim. Lastly, I will show why Shanahan and Wangs argument for this claim are true, and why I accept it. We grow up in a social atmosphere that tells us what is right and wrong. If our own personal morality is different from another cultures, we tend to believe that they are wrong, and our cultural views of morality hold more merit. Societies, in general, must adhere to certain core values for them to exist. However, not all societies value the same morals. With this in mind, moral relativism is the theory that all moral perspectives are equally acceptable. What may be acceptable in one culture may not be acceptable in another, and neither is objectively right. Cultural relativism ascertains that moral standards differ from one culture to the next. It says that good and bad are relative to culture. What is good is what is socially approved in a given culture. Cultural relativism holds that good means what is socially approved by the majority in a...

How To Say By the Way in Spanish

How To Say By the Way in Spanish Spanish has two common ways of introducing an afterthought, unrelated comment or offhand remark, ways that are typically translated as by the way or incidentally in English. The expressions used are a propà ³sito and por cierto, with the former being somewhat more formal. Here are some examples of their usage: Por cierto,  ¿no ests descargando mà ºsica ilegalmente? (By the way, are you downloading music illegally?) Por cierto, la valla fronteriza fue construida por Estados Unidos. (By the way, the border fence was built by the United States.) Por cierto, vamos a preparar algo para septiembre. (By the way, well be getting something ready for September.) Por cierto, la lente del telà ©fono est compuesta por cinco elementos. (Incidentally, the lens in the phone is made up of five elements.) A propà ³sito, quiero hacer una fiesta este fin de semana. By the way, I want to put together a party this weekend. A propà ³sito, la ciudad est a menos de 40 kilà ³metros de la frontera. (By the way, the city is less than 40 kilometers from the border.) A propà ³sito, tenemos ms de 40.000 alumnos. (Incidentally, we have more than 40,000 students.) Note that por cierto does not mean certainly, as you might expect. As a noun in other usages, cierto often expresses certainty. In some contexts, a propà ³sito can also mean on purpose or deliberately. (As a noun, propà ³sito typically means intention or purpose.) When used in that way, a propà ³sito typically comes after the verb instead of at the beginning of a sentence. Example: Determinaron que no fue a propà ³sito. (They determined it was not done deliberately.) A propà ³sito de also can be a way of saying with respect to, concerning or something similar. Example: Recordà © una historia que Mam me contaba a propà ³sito de mi padre. (I remembered a story Mom would tell me about my father.) Downgrading Closely related to the introduction of afterthoughts is that of minimizing or downplaying the importance of what follows. In English, this might be done using anyway, such as in Anyway, we found a restaurant that wasnt closed. Such minimizations are more common in speech than they are in writing. In Spanish, common phrases of downplaying include de todas formas, de todas maneras and de todos modos. They can be translated in a variety of ways, as these examples show: De todas formas, no me molesta que tienes muchos amigos. (In any case, it doesnt bother me that you have a lot of friends.) De todas maneras los escdalos financieros generan un impacto reputacional. Anyway, the financial scandals are having an impact on reputation. De todos modos, le gustarà ­a volver a tener su propia casa. (In any event, she would like to return to her own home.) All three of these Spanish phrases can be used interchangeably with no significant changes of meaning, much like the English phrases used above. Especially in speech, it is also common to use words such as nada and/or bueno something like  filler words for a similar effect: Bueno nada, queria compartir con ustedes mi tatuaje. (Anyway, I want to share my tattoo with you.) Bueno, quizs podamos  hacer una excepcià ³n. (OK then, maybe we can make an exception.)

Economics Coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Economics Coursework - Essay Example Affordability of the customers: As mortgages have become less costly, the affordability of an average citizen has therefore gained growth. Moreover, mortgages are more readily available than before and therefore a consumer is more likely to avail himself a loan and increase his overall set of choices. Thus resulting in an increase in the demand shift of the consumer. (Neate, 2013) b. Recession: The pressures have double impact on the demand shifts. Not only it has reduced the purchasing power of a consumer but it has also taken away many sets of choices where a person used to invest. As recession is around, most of the investments are found to be riskier while these are also not expected to earn high returns. Therefore, potential investors, especially the large ones look at housing as a safe avenue for investment as the returns that it earns are quite stable while the capital gains are also a part of the investment. This also influences the demand curve to shift to its right and incr ease the overall demand of the house owning. (Neate, 2013) (O’sullivan, 2008) c. Herd Sentiment: It shall be noted that the growth of house prices has already outgrown the rate of growth in the loans extended in the form of mortgages. Such only reveals a point that the general public is following the trend. This can be due to reasons such as the fear of inflated home prices after the boom that these prices have received. Moreover, its cause may also be in the form of those investors who have looked it as a golden opportunity of capital gains and thus creating an artificial bubble of price inflation that will sooner or later burst out. (Rowley, 2013) d. Expectations: As prices have surged up so are the expectations of the people. As suggested in a recent article, the cost of average home may go up by 50,000 pounds in the course of the next five year. Moreover, keeping the sentiments in mind, the government’s recent move to provide interest free loan up to 600,000 pounds has only shifted the trend further and have once again given raise to the demands of the masses. (Lambert, 2013) If we point our attention to the factors that have may have impacted the supply side of the UK’s house owning phenomenon, the most important factor that grabs has shifted the supply curve includes the impact of exports whose disappointing performance has impacted the supply side of the above mentioned phenomenon. Since then, the government has focused more and more on supply side by encouraging the construction of more houses. Moreover, the lenders have been too lenient not only towards buyers but towards the sellers as well, since by supporting them in financing their projects they are pushing the supply curve as well, which in this case is toward its right. In a recent move, the government launched funding scheme which allowed banks to avail themselves inexpensive financing that allowed the lowering of the interest rates whose impacts were also seen on the deman d side. (Rowley, 2013) 2. As one can see in the table below that the profits will increase to 40,000 pounds if the fare is decreased from 10 pounds to 8 pounds: Fare Demand Total Revenue New Cost Profit 8 6 480 440 40 10 4 400 410 -10 12 3 360 400 -40 (O’sullivan, 2008) a. Below are the calculations required in case of price elasticity’s of demand by the midpoint formula method as well as percentage change

Employee Benefits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Employee Benefits - Essay Example In 1998 and 2000, other revisions on worker remuneration were effected. There was a proposition in 2002 to modify employee share based compensation. Actuarial gains and losses concerning employee benefits were acknowledged in 2004. In 2007, ceilings were introduced into defined benefit assets and funding requirements. In 2009, the ceilings on defined benefit assets and funding requirements were published as exposure drafts and discount rate for employee benefits using market yield corporate bonds was proposed. IAS 19 final interpretations were also published in 2009. The objective of IAS 19 Employee Benefits is to provide guidelines to both business and non-business organizations on how to measure, present and disclose the expenses of providing employee benefits. IAS 19 covers all known employee related expenditures. The employee benefits are expenses incurred by entities in exchange of services rendered by their employees. They include salaries and wages, profit sharing plans, compensated absences, leaves, deferred compensation programs, bonuses and free or subsidized good or services given to employees. It also covers various benefits paid to employees. The benefits are medical and life insurance benefits, pensions, house benefits, jubilee benefits, post employment medical and life insurance as well as termination benefits (Deloitte 2010c). IAS 19: Employee benefits suggest that organizations should acknowledge a liability or an expense resulting from consuming the service of an employee in the year in which the service was consumed. Therefore, IASB and IAS 19 recognize expenses incurred on the employee benefits on the year in which it occurred. The measurements, presentation and disclosures covers definite accounting period only. Measurement is defined as an action to obtain a magnitude of a given item or process. Therefore, employee benefits measurement is an attempt to assign value to what employees

Choose two anthropology questions in this six questions and answer Assignment

Choose two anthropology questions in this six questions and answer - Assignment Example As a rite of passage, hajj represents a change in faith as Muslims who attend this annual pilgrimage are considered to have attained great faith in their religious beliefs. Hajj is also a rite of passage because it is a ritual worship that members of the Islamic faith are expected to fulfill (Tagliacozzo 4). The concept of the â€Å"one-and-the-many† can be said to relate to the notions of whether Hinduism is a monotheistic or polytheistic religion. Based on this concept, one understands how the multiplicity of Gods is an issue of concern in the Hindu religion. Among the Hindus, there is a tendency to worship many Gods as opposed to worshiping a certain religious deity. The various deities in the Hindu religion are a representation of a single supreme being known as Brahman. Hindus do not worship many gods; rather, they have only one god and different deities (Morgan

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 91

Marketing - Essay Example Eventually, just under one umbrella Dean’s managed to have a total of 31 milk brands that later managed to be sold under the Dairy Pure name satisfying the need of the customers. The Dean Food Company of milk processing is composed of 31 brands of white milk around the United States. This was done to ensure effort in boosting the shrinking of the milk market in U.S. through adequate understanding of the customers by the company, the company was expected to launch new brand along with the national advertisement campaign (Brat, 2015). This was done mainly to catch the tailwind of a shift by the U.S consumers. Moreover, this was done to meet the demands and choices of the customers regionally. Food safety measures and quality standards were to be maintained for consumers to get their desired milk products. The recruitment of Tanner in 2007 led to streamlining, strengthening and standardizing the company manufacturing and distribution terms (Brat, 2015). Mr. Tanner could combine all trucking operations and boosted food safety actions nationwide. Besides that, Dean could struggle to recover profits as the retailers demand lowered prices for milk to their customers creating affordable prices that are liked by

Criminology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Criminology - Essay Example Of course, there is a general societal consensus that certain things are wrong and should be discouraged or criminalized, but for proponents of the Nanny State, the government should seize control of actions and issues where there is no consensus and unilaterally impose its view of morality on these issues. Why is this happening more and more these days? Many experts believe that in an increasingly complex world people are more willing to turn over power to the government in order to make their own lives easier. There is a sense the world can be and should be completely ordered and that government is the right body to do this. This is an unfortunate state of affairs as it tips the important balance between liberty and order far to the side of order. There are so many examples of this way of thinking that it is hard to know where to begin. One of the most shocking examples from recent years is the following headline: â€Å"Chicago Prohibits Foie Gras.† In 2006, Chicago city council voted to ban the delicious appetizer foie gras from the city’s restaurants. Proponents of the ban said the production of foie gras was inhumane. Opponents had a different view. "Government shouldnt be dictating what we eat," said the chef at one French restaurant. The Mayor too was unhappy. "We have children getting killed by gang leaders and dope dealers," he said. "We have real issues here in this city. And were dealing with foie gras? Lets get some priorities."1 These opponents are right. In an era where people expect to be coddled and protected from everything that could possibly harm, they are allowing things as personal as menu choice to be dictated by the government. If an individual does not like to eat foie gras no one will forc e them to eat it; but the Chicago city council went a step further by eliminating this choice completely and limiting the rights of those who do like foie gras. The Nanny State continues to expand, rolling

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 91

Marketing - Essay Example Eventually, just under one umbrella Dean’s managed to have a total of 31 milk brands that later managed to be sold under the Dairy Pure name satisfying the need of the customers. The Dean Food Company of milk processing is composed of 31 brands of white milk around the United States. This was done to ensure effort in boosting the shrinking of the milk market in U.S. through adequate understanding of the customers by the company, the company was expected to launch new brand along with the national advertisement campaign (Brat, 2015). This was done mainly to catch the tailwind of a shift by the U.S consumers. Moreover, this was done to meet the demands and choices of the customers regionally. Food safety measures and quality standards were to be maintained for consumers to get their desired milk products. The recruitment of Tanner in 2007 led to streamlining, strengthening and standardizing the company manufacturing and distribution terms (Brat, 2015). Mr. Tanner could combine all trucking operations and boosted food safety actions nationwide. Besides that, Dean could struggle to recover profits as the retailers demand lowered prices for milk to their customers creating affordable prices that are liked by

Function of 6 Standardized Assessment Tools Utilized with LBD Students Research Paper

Function of 6 Standardized Assessment Tools Utilized with LBD Students - Research Paper Example This is because good educationists have often been identified with the selection and usage of assessment tools that can be classified as valid. By valid assessment tool, reference is being made to an assessment tool that achieves the purpose for which it was set out. An assessment tool that is not able to achieve the purpose for which it was set out is ineffective and as unhelpful as there was no assessment tool in place. This essay therefore seeks to examine a number of assessment tools used with LBD students to find how effective they are in the delivery of the functions for which they were set out. The assessment tools shall also be scrutinized in accordance to their diagnostic benefits to student programming and planning utilizing technology. What is Assessment? As mentioned earlier, assessment is an integral part of education. Assessment concerns the practice of finding the effectiveness of an educational system. Assessment however concerns a series of activities and events. Cyb erSleuth-Kids (2011) therefore explain that assessment is â€Å"the process of documenting, often times in measurable terms, knowledge, skills, attitudes and beliefs.† This means that documentation is an important practice in assessment. Observations in measurable phenomenon such as knowledge, skills, attitudes and beliefs are all documented. ... The Northwestern Science Health University (2010) also posits that â€Å"Assessment is an ongoing process of setting high expectations for student learning, measuring progress toward established learning outcomes, and providing a basis for reflection, discussion and feedback to improve University academic programs.† This seems to be a broader definition that integrates not just what assessment but the reasons for undertaking it and the importance that comes with conducting assessment. The relation this definition has with the earlier definition is that there should be a set of objectives in place that will be assessed. 6 Assessment Tools used for LBD Students To undertake a successful assessment exercise, it is important to have a collection mechanism in place. This mechanism with which assessment is conducted is referred to in the educational cycle as assessment tool. Broadly speaking, assessment tools can be classified as either teacher based or student based. Teacher based assessment tools focus on the teacher as the sole assessor. With teacher based assessment tool, the tools are kept and manipulated by the teacher in determining how best or worse the student is performing. Student based assessment tools on the other hand focus on students. Most of these assessment tools are kept by the student. They are used by the student to determine his or her performance. Teachers however have a lot of role to play with student based assessment. This is because the teacher acts as a facilitator, who directs the student on how to go about the implementation of the assessment tool. The teacher also ensures that the student uses the assessment tool correctly. Both teacher based and student based assessment tools are appropriate for LBD students. This is because with

Exploring the Thematic Link Between the Epigraph and the Greasy Lake Essay Example for Free

Exploring the Thematic Link Between the Epigraph and the Greasy Lake Essay The Greasy Lake seems to be influence by Bruce Springsteen Spirit in the Night. It is like used an epigraph from his song even though its not about the characters of the story. The characters and actions are completely made up. The Greasy Lake seemed to just imitate the song and take on its a free spirit. The Bad boy image in the Greasy Lake was admired and planned as the boys days continued, it was not original. We can just think about when the Greasy Lake was set not only the epigraph but also the title of the story was inspired by Bruce Springsteen Spirit in the Night. Think about it, are these boys really bad? No, they are just acting out the kind of behavior they think is bad,cool or expected of them. They read books to learn the Bad boy ways, drink cheap non- bad boy drinks and came from high class families. The nature of life was shown through the bad things that took place such as beating the guy and disrespecting the girl and being bad in order to be looked at as bad or cool. This is the narrator learned his lesson all from his actiions. The narrator, in the beginning of the story, believed himself and his friends were these tough guys but the events trhoughout the night reveals to the narrator that there is a price to be paid when trying to be bad. It was the third night of summer vacation and the narrator and his two friends, Digby and Jeff, wanted to prove they were misfits. That they were ready to be reckless and became reck. On that night they wanted to be semi- rebels, their rebellion explodes in their faces. Their actions brings them into a tougher world than they had arranged for. They beat the goy up and was about to rape his girl friend. The guy friends pulled up and the tables had turned. They ran through the woods, dived and poluted waters and floated with the real tough guy who was dead in the waters. They hid from the real tough guys because they were scared and werent bad at all. The layed low till the early morning and then the three boys started to feel a bunch of hatred or repugnance for the Bad boy life. As the end it is clear that they have had enough of being â€Å"bad. † The narrator of â€Å"Greasy Lake† matures during his risky adventure because he has different views of nature. Earlier in the story they wanted to destroy the smell of possibility and interact in all these crazy moments such as watch the girl take their clothes off, drink, smoke and listen to Rock Roll. At the end of the story these cruel likings loses their request or want for these Bad guy qualities and aspects of life. When morning arrived the narrator experienced the beauty of the natural world like it was his first time. He has a epiphany or proclamation that this was nature and in the beginning it was just a dirty, rundown lake.? This was not just for him but for his friends also. When the girls approached them at the end his friend stepped up and trned down the girls offer. The three friends had the experience of a life time that changed thm for the better.

The Architecture of Zaha Hadid

The Architecture of Zaha Hadid All people owe to architecture which plays racy part in their life. Architecture is designing structures and outdoor spaces according to some main principles. Architecture provides settings for certain activities; remind people of what these activities are; signify power, status or privacy. Rapoport (1979, p. 17) wrote about architecture Architecture differentiates between here and there; men and woman; front and back; private and public; sacred and profane and habitable and inhabitable. The main function of architecture is to make certain that the parts of a system work together to meet the necessary needs of users. Architect has a vital role in architecture nowadays, since he/she is the main factor that makes architecture good or successful. The architect is the one who design and plan the structure of buildings. Frank Gehry, Hassan Fathy, Ignazio Gardella, Don Erickson and Frank Lloyd Wright are five of thousands of most famous architects of the world. Who is the most famous archi tect in Iraq in the 20th century? Zaha Hadid is the most famous Iraqi architect in the 20th century. According to Zaha Hadid , an examining of the investigate causes of her philosophy and life relating to architecture to reveal how they influenced the processes of her design projects and work. Zaha Hadid is a British Iraqi architect. She was born in 31 October 1950 in Bagdad, Iraq. She grew in a family, which was showing interest in architecture. Her parents took her to architectural exhibitions, such as Frank Lloyd Wrights exhibition at the Opera House in Bagdad. Due to the impact of her parents, Zaha became interested in architecture. She was reflecting deeply on the world around her when she was a child. She was studying mathematics; she figured a strong relationship between mathematics and architecture. Zahas parents encouraged her to study architecture. Oscar Niemeyer encouraged her too to complete her education in architecture. When she was asked about the reason of making her architect, Hadid (2008, p. 2) answered I became interested in architecture when, I remember vaguely; my parents took me to a Frank Lloyd Wright exhibition at the Opera House in Baghdad. I was around six years old and I remember seeing models and things. I think both my parents were interested i n architecture in an indirect way. She continued by saying As a child I also travelled with my family on a small boat to visit some of the villages within the marshes of southern Iraq, and the landscape was so beautiful. There was this amazing flow between the sand and the water and the wildlife that extended to incorporate the buildings and the people. What I am trying to do is capture that kind of seamlessness and flow in an urban context for the contemporary city and its users. Zaha M. Hadid: Biography (2001) discussed Zaha Hadids biography. Zaha Hadid studied mathematics in the American University of Beirut in Lebanon. After getting her degree in mathematics, she went to London to study Architecture in a college of Architecture there. She worked as a partner with her teachers in an office of architecture when she got a degree in architecture. Architect Peter Rice encouraged Zaha Hadid in the beginning of her career life, when she was facing difficulties of starting her own business. She started her own office in London in 1980. Also she worked as a teacher in many associations in London and other countries all over the world. Some good examples of these universities are; Harvard University, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Architecture, the Hochschule fà ¼r Bildende Kà ¼nste in Hamburg, the Knowlton School of Architecture, the Ohio State University, Columbia University, New York, the University of Applied Arts Vienna in Austria, the Yale Schoo l of Architecture, New Haven, Connecticut. Zaha received many international awards and she was the first women who won the Pritzker Architecture Prize, architectures equivalent of the Nobel Prize. Zaha has done many popular projects all over the world. Good examples of her works are; London aquatics center, regium waterfront, civil courts for Madrid, etc. Talking briefly about these projects; London aquatics center located in London. It has a waved roof, which makes this building special. Regium waterfront is a museum located in Italy. She has also designed residential buildings. The dancing towers in Dubai are a good example of this type of building. Zaha Hadid has created her own path in architecture by using several appearances of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer to show the state of extreme confusion and disorder of the modern life. In Zaha Hadid architecture and design (2007) described Zaha Hadids philosophy. Zaha Hadids strength is her curse and her blessing. A curse because strong character can make clients run for the hills. A curse because stiff character can make clients run for the hills. Hadid had her own ideas on architecture to nurture and it was a long incubation. She created her own company neo-modernist architecture. Zaha Hadids philosophy in architecture takes after accommodating, designing a landscape which can be called baroque modernism. Zaha Hadid damages both the classically formal, rule bound modernism of Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier and the old rules of space walls, ceilings, front and back, right angles. She then reassembles them as what she calls a new fluid, kind of spatiality of multiple perspective points and fragmented geometry, designed to embody the chaotic fluidity of modern life. She reassembles them as a new fluid, kind of spatiality of multiple perspective points and fragmented geometry, designed to embody the chaotic fluidity of modern life. Her architecture denies its own solidness. She defines the solid apparatus to make people comprehend place. She speaks about theory and she wears her cultural identity.

Boom Towns Of The Amazon :: essays research papers

Urban Geography Boom Towns of the Amazon The Amazon Basin has been called the last frontier. Although there has been a considerable amount of government investments in rural development, the majority of Amozonia is urban. Charles Wageley said that the “Typical Amozonian town was lethargic and backwards due to its seclusion.'; Every year many people are killed in land disputes in this area. With all the social and environmental changes rapid urbanization in the Amazon has been overlooked. As I mentioned earlier, the Amazon basin is considered the last frontier, but there are dramatic environmental changes occurring. The most notable change is the rapid clearing of the largest tropical rainforest in the world, which has over shadowed the genesis of new urban centers. The prototypical urban community in contemporary Amozonia is a bustling boomtown, a dynamic and sometimes short-lived frontier settlement. The change of the region’s landscape occurs in the social area of conflicts involving Indians, agricultural colonists and activists clergy, cattle ranchers miners, timber interest, governmental agents and others. These conflicts are dangerous and sometimes deadly. The North region of Brazil encompasses the states and territories of Para, Ampa, Amazonas, Roraima, Acre and Rondonia. This section of Brazil has had the highest rate of urbanization than the rest of the country in recent years. This article examines the nature, causes and durability of frontier urbanization in the Brazilian Amazon. The rate of urbanization has been low in Amozonia. There is a mercantile dependence on extractive boom and bust cycles, which has created a scattered population of river settlements. Two cities, Belem and Manuas, which are the historical commercial centers that are located on the main watercourses, dominate this region. Instead of the classical model of a regular hierarchy of settlements, a dendritic central place system developed in the Amazon, this resulted in a dependence on external forces. The transportation system is also expanding which allows links directly to the Brazilian population center. In conclusion, the urban accumulation of a work force only partially converted to steady wage labor helps explain the rapid but uneven growth of Amazonian boomtowns.

Cuzco Enterprises/ business plan :: essays research papers

CUZCO ENTERPRISES CORP CUZCO CASUAL WEAR # 2 2357 w Diversy Ave Chicago IL 60639 (773) 255-1393 Fax (773) 448-6779 Www.faustocuzco.com/ecuador.html Executive Summary By focusing on its heritage and the strength and experience CUZCO CASUAL WEAR # 2 will continue to enhance their quality, uniqueness, and valuable customer service. o This business plan leads the way. It renews our vision and strategic focus on the quality and value we put in our products and the market segment originally targeted. Our vision has been broadened by the success we have found in the marketplace, to the extent of adding new products and current plans on additional items and services. It has given us a step-by-step plan to meet and exceed our goals for increased sales, gross margin, and profitability. o This plan includes this summary, and chapters on the company, products and services, market focus, action plans and forecasts, management team, and financial plan. Objectives 1. Increase sales to more than $100,000 over the next three years. 2. Move gross margin to above 55% over the current merchandise line and maintain that level. 3. Add new products such tailoring service, a leather jacket section, and sport wear section. 4. Improve inventory turnover, reduce the cost of goods sold while maintaining the high quality of our products 5. To provide jobs to the Hispanic community that are rewarding and fulfilling. Business Description Mission: I am Fausto Cuzco Entrepreneur owner of Cuzco Enterprises Corp. We are here to provide you with high quality merchandise products, fast service and the most important goal in our enterprising is your " satisfaction" Industry back ground Cuzco Enterprises Corp was created in February 2002 by a 29 year old novice young man named Fausto Cuzco. Under this parent name, he opened his first store in a small mall in south side Chicago, CUZCO CASUAL WEAR #1. Currently my friend Patricia and I own this store. Sales have been growing steadily with the cost of goods sold consistently decreasing. But to make significant headway in this area, we need to expand our business into new territories. Goals and potential of the new venture Constantly striving to supply what the consumer is asking for, we continually review what is available in the marketplace, and what isn't. Improving on what is available and providing new products and services to the areas of need will assure our success in a market driven by consumer demand. Cuzco Enterprises/ business plan :: essays research papers CUZCO ENTERPRISES CORP CUZCO CASUAL WEAR # 2 2357 w Diversy Ave Chicago IL 60639 (773) 255-1393 Fax (773) 448-6779 Www.faustocuzco.com/ecuador.html Executive Summary By focusing on its heritage and the strength and experience CUZCO CASUAL WEAR # 2 will continue to enhance their quality, uniqueness, and valuable customer service. o This business plan leads the way. It renews our vision and strategic focus on the quality and value we put in our products and the market segment originally targeted. Our vision has been broadened by the success we have found in the marketplace, to the extent of adding new products and current plans on additional items and services. It has given us a step-by-step plan to meet and exceed our goals for increased sales, gross margin, and profitability. o This plan includes this summary, and chapters on the company, products and services, market focus, action plans and forecasts, management team, and financial plan. Objectives 1. Increase sales to more than $100,000 over the next three years. 2. Move gross margin to above 55% over the current merchandise line and maintain that level. 3. Add new products such tailoring service, a leather jacket section, and sport wear section. 4. Improve inventory turnover, reduce the cost of goods sold while maintaining the high quality of our products 5. To provide jobs to the Hispanic community that are rewarding and fulfilling. Business Description Mission: I am Fausto Cuzco Entrepreneur owner of Cuzco Enterprises Corp. We are here to provide you with high quality merchandise products, fast service and the most important goal in our enterprising is your " satisfaction" Industry back ground Cuzco Enterprises Corp was created in February 2002 by a 29 year old novice young man named Fausto Cuzco. Under this parent name, he opened his first store in a small mall in south side Chicago, CUZCO CASUAL WEAR #1. Currently my friend Patricia and I own this store. Sales have been growing steadily with the cost of goods sold consistently decreasing. But to make significant headway in this area, we need to expand our business into new territories. Goals and potential of the new venture Constantly striving to supply what the consumer is asking for, we continually review what is available in the marketplace, and what isn't. Improving on what is available and providing new products and services to the areas of need will assure our success in a market driven by consumer demand.

How does Samuel present relationship between mother and daughters Essay

Samuel uses different methods to present the relationship between mothers and daughters in kinder transport. She uses parallel narratives, time slips to show the different ways each mother treats their daughter and vice versa. She also uses objects to shows how strong their relationships are, stage directions and also characters such as the ratcatcher to show the relationships between them. Eva starts off by calling her biological mother ‘mutti’ which shows that she considers her mother a very reliable, strong and important person in her life. This shows that Eva respects her mother and loves her mother. However towards the end of play Eva refers to her mother as that ‘German woman’. This instantly shows us the audience that Eva does not consider Helga her mother anymore and is just a stranger she use to know. Eva goes further than that and proves the point to use the audience that she doesn’t consider her someone important to remember in her life as she isn’t sure ‘she had lived her’ which automatically makes us now that the relationship between Helga and Eva is no more and that it wasn’t as strong as they thought as does not think she is significant. Before Eva leaves for London she is given ‘a gold watch’ by her biological mother Helga. This shows that Helga had thought about all the different scenarios that could happen to her daughter that she loves and cares about Eva. As Gold is a rare metal it is worth a lot of money and so it is valuable and so Helga giving Eva this watch is a way of telling Eva not to forget about her as she is worth remembering and also is a back up plan invade something terrible happens to Eva and she needs money. However when Eva begins to mature and gets into her teenage years she starts to understand the situation she is in better. As a regular teenager always thinks of a way to make money Eva looks at the ‘gold watch’ as a source of money instead of piece of jewellery that should mean a lot to her as it was given to her by her mother. Eva then goes on to asking Lil ‘how much d’you think they’re worth’ this could mean anything as Eva could be referring to the relationship she had with her biological mother Helga and trying to save it by holding onto the ‘gold watch’ and having hope that her mother would come back and then they could restore their relationship and mother and  daughter or this could mean that Eva is tired of holding onto her mother and believes that she is not important to her life resulting to her wanting to selling it. Samuel uses the significance of their names as a way of showing the relationship between Helga and Eva, Evelyn and Faith and also Eva and Evelyn. Before Eva had left for London Helga had hinted to Eva that she can take care of herself without her as she says ‘See. You don’t need me’. This shows is the audience that Helga would like Eva to take care of herself and be a mother figure to herself if anything bad where to happen. Evelyn reassure Eva that the rat catcher would not come when Eva says ‘ hell cut off my nose’ and Evelyn reassures herself by saying ‘he’s not coming’. This shows us that Helga wish has come true as Evelyn is taking care of Eva as a mother would take care of their daughter showing that Evelyn might be vulnerable but when it comes to reassuring herself and making everything better she can do that. As Eva had changed her name to Evelyn because she wanted a ‘English name’ she has changed into a new pe rson and is no more the young Jewish girl who moved to Manchester but now she is a English girl who lives in Manchester. Because of this the audience will no that the relationship between Helga and Eva will not work out again as she is no more Eva.

Negotiation Situation Essay

In the negotiation of a mortgage refinance, you can run into many different types of situations that you have to be prepared for. How we interact during a negotiation can make or break an agreement. Successful use of communication tools and preparing yourself to handle personalities will contribute to the outcome. Analyzing the Roles of Communication In this situation the initial state of the negotiation was not moving forward in a positive direction. The bank was dealing with many customers with mortgages that were months behind due to the economic crash at the time. We were one of those affected; the construction boom took a turn for the worse and work slowed down. Although we kept in contact with our bank regarding our situation, they were not willing to negotiate new terms to our agreement. As a home owner you never want to get behind on your payments, so we continued to make partial payments. The bank continued to accept the partial payments, yet didn’t want to work with us to reassess our situation. â€Å"Discussion does not mean fighting and shouting, instead it is simply the exchange of one’s ideas, thoughts and opinions with each other. One needs to have excellent communication skills for a healthy and an effective discussion. (Role of Communication in Negotiation, 2012)† The bank acted with diplomac y and tactfulness. After speaking with realtors and obtaining consultations from acquaintances, we realized for the bank to take action, we had no choice but to stop paying the mortgage. We knew at that moment that it became a game of the bank vs. the homeowners. The way you communicate varies according the formality of the situation. (Key Aspects of Communication in Negotiation) By making partial payments, the bank was content with us. We were getting further behind, and incurring penalties towards our mortgage. Taking action did get the attention of the other party. The impact of the communication, made the bank realize they needed to have more meaningful conversations with us. We finally were able to alter their perceptions and expectations concerning the situation, relationship and outcome. Through many discussions with the bank, we came to an agreement to attempt to sell the house this way to avoid foreclosure and or a short-sale. The mortgage payments were frozen during this period. We knew we were treading water, since the housing market was at a virtual standstill. After exhausting conversations with the bank, we were at the point where we were going to have to walk away from the house. Our emotions at this point, were wearing thin. This process was taking months, and also taking its toll on our patience with the bank. We wanted to be responsible for our decisions, but we were being forced to make a decision that would hurt our credibility for the future. Our sincerity was our most important personality traits exhibited in this negotiation. We had to show our sincerity for an effective negotiation. We never took the situation casually. In the eleventh hour of negotiations, the bank was willing to refinance with a co-signer. Luckily, our relatives were willing to assist, and were kind enough to co-sign. The bank was very cooperative and we were moving forward in a positive way. Analyzing Personality Failures and distortions in perception, cognition, and communication are the paramount contributors to breakdowns and failures in negotiation (Lewicki−Saunders−Barry, 2005). Negotiators use information to challenge the other party’s position or desired outcomes or to undermine the effectiveness of the other’s negotiating arguments. Even in the simplest negotiation, the parties take a position and then present arguments and facts to support that position. As the homeowners, we argued to gain terms that were within our reach to be able to afford the home and avoid a foreclosure. The bank had a different set of terms, that would stretch our ability to make ends meet, and we had to stand firm with our decision to adhere to our end goal. For us, our personality in this situation varied. At times we were very cooperative, as was the bank. But at times, the bank exhibited an aggressive behavior, and made us think we only had one option to explore. The bank exhibited a power position, to intimidate and instill fear. As homeowners, we were emotionally attached to the home. We knew that we had to remove our emotions, and treat this as a business deal. That was difficult. We were able to neutralize our emotions, and handle the situation in the most professional way. Personalities in such a high-stake situation can get intense. We viewed the bank as goliath and us as David. The bank was responsive, but we found when we got upset and put them under pressure, the bank became uncomfortable and worried about damaging the relationship with us as the customer. Contributions of those Roles to the Outcome Our ability to stand our ground and be vigilant with our information upfront, aided our ability to work with the bank to come to an agreement. To reach this agreement a third party did have to enter the discussions. This third party assisted both sides in reaching a final agreement. The process was a roller coaster; it was also a learning experience for both sides. In the end, we were happy with the final terms. The bank did make some small mistakes throughout the whole process, and due to their mistakes being presenting in writing, had to honor those terms in the paperwork. We were able to avoid a 5-year ARM agreement, and were able to secure a 30 year fixed mortgage at a very low rate, due to their mismanagement of information. The point is to never quit with a bank. As long as they keep coming back with counter offers, you do the same. At some point, you’ll make a deal, and it might be better than you ever expected. Looking back, it is very important to remove your personal emotions from the negotiations. Emotions need to be under control on both sides to achieve a successful end. If you have ever felt like you were stuck in a burning high rise with only one way out at times, we know that if you work with the right people, your chances of success increase with every option you have. Bibliography Key Aspects of Communication in Negotiation. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/comm440-540/commfactors.htm (2005). How to Improve Communication in Negotiation. In Lewicki−Saunders−Barry, Negotiation, Fifth Edition (p. 175). The McGraw−Hill. Role of Communication in Negotiation. (2012). Retrieved January 19, 2013, from Management Study Guide: Pave your way to Success: http://www.managementstudyguide.com/role-of-communication-in-negotiation.htm

Innovation article review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Innovation article review - Essay Example The foremost step in the process of designing the innovation strategies requires outlining the targets and goals of the company. To apprehend what the company’s core constitutes of. To realize the type of business they are working in and sketch their strategic plans according to that. The next step that comprises of implementing the innovation process, calls for a rigorous scan of the market opportunities. The companies should turn to their best and the worst customers. Then they should analyze that percentile of the public that is not attracted to their products at all. The barriers constraining that part of population should be evaluated. And the problems they are facing should act as the blue prints for the innovation process. In reference to the hindrances and obstacles, ideas are to be generated and an innovation structure is to be built upon them. The structure should define the strategic goals, training programs, internal coaches, and growth boards, while innovative incubators and capital ventures could spread the ideas to a commercial level. Finally the last step asks for investments in innovative systems. A number of myriad systems consist of: Portfolio planning mechanisms, facilitating critical resource-allocation decisions, market insight processes human resource policies, innovation-friendly measurement systems and many more. The author of the article provides meticulous arguments in relation to innovation and its strategies. He also provided detailed information about the all the structures and different systems that entail investments. He is also able to bring consistency to the article, to an extent in the way he carries out the whole innovation process step-by-step and how he outlines the path of innovation by dividing it into four steps and explaining them fully. Also he gives examples of companies

The illegal use of drugs is an important issue in our society Essay

The illegal use of drugs is an important issue in our society - Essay Example There had been major dependable downward decline over the last three years from 11.5% in 1997 to 10% in 1998 and 9% in 1999 in drug related crime. As per the above survey , there is variation in drug usage pattern among various states starting from as low as 4.8% to as high as 10.8% on the whole population and it varied from 8% to 18.4 % for adolescents in the age group among 12 to 17. The use of marijuana among the youths also showed a declining trend from 12 to 17 age group since 1997. It was 8.4% in 1997, 8.4% in 1998 and 7% in 1999. The cigarette consumption by the adolescent showed a notable decline from 20% in 1997 to 15.9% in 1999. In the exclusive research study carried over by U.S Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) revealed that the number of admission in the emergency room for drug related diseases had declined considerably and it was 11 % in the year 1999 for the adolescent aged among 12 to 17. National trend data collection research which was organized by the National Household Survey revealed that the present usage pattern of drugs was remained stable among the adolescent in the age group among 12 to 17 and the consumption pattern of smokeless tobacco declined notably from 3.2 % in 1998 to 2.1 % in 1999. According to the Partnership for a Drug-Free America, as per their recent research study, it was evident that American youth are of the view that drugs are hazardous and hence there was considerable decline in the usage of drugs in the USA in recent years. According to Drug Enforcement Administration, Barbiturates was most dangerous drug and it was considered as the most serious drug by the US law enforcement agencies. ( Henn & DeEugenio , 2007 , p5). Barbiturates fall under depressant class of substance. The depressants are a greater variety of substances that include most significantly ethyl alcohol. When consumed in heavy doses, it generates signs of vitiated coordination and

The Impact of Information Technology in the Vodafone Group Research Paper

The Impact of Information Technology in the Vodafone Group Organization - Research Paper Example This paper discusses and describes the Vodafone Group business Organization structure with a focus on the role of IT in its business Organization structure. Vodafone Group is a multinational British telecommunication company, whose main office is in London, with a registered office in Newburry Berkshire. Vodafone company started as a joint venture between Hambros Technology Trust , Millicom and the subsidiary of Racal Electronics PLC’s strategic Radio Ltd in 1982 with its name being derived from a company’s goal of establishing data services and voice services over mobile telephone networks. Hence its network was called Racal Vodafone. The company was renamed Recal Telecom in 1988. In 1991, Racal Telecom became demerged from the Racal Electronics there is when the mobile telephony giant came into existence. In 1996, the company bought people phone and acquired 80% of the Astec Communication, a move that so it increase its shares of UK mobile customers. According to the report findings since 9th December 2010, the key elements of the Vodafone Organizational structure are as described. The operating companies for the group are under two operating regions reflecting the different geographies or different nature of assets, as well as to reflect the differences in development of the sector considering various economies. These included Europe which comprise all existing controlled business located in Europe, in addition to Turkey, Hungary, Czech Republic, and Hungary. At the helm, as the regional CEO, Michel Combel is in charge of the Europe Region.

Business and Society - Leadership and Motivation Coursework

Business and Society - Leadership and Motivation - Coursework Example The steps taken in managing failure include managing cash flow, avoiding debt and developing an effective business plan. Leadership and motivation are important determinants of success in a business entity. Effective leadership guides employees towards the achievement of the entity’s goals and objectives (Caroll and Buchholtz 35). Additionally, employee motivation helps improve employees’ productivity resulting in an overall improvement of the firm. Leaders are different from managers in various ways. Leaders focus on people while managers focus on structure. Leaders innovate while managers administer (Caroll and Buchholtz 42). Leaders inspire trust while managers control. Retired General Colin Powell defines leadership as followership. His definition of leadership is accurate since leaders act in a way that inspires those that follow them. I agree with his definition of leadership is all about inspiring one’s followers. There are various leadership styles including bureaucratic, charismatic, servant and transactional (Caroll and Buchholtz 45). The style I prefer most is servant leadership since the leader leads since it considers employees’ participation. The style I prefer least is bureaucratic leadership since it inhibits innovation, creativity and flexibility. Dr Phil’s and Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs can be used to motivate and manage employees. Employee motivation increases their productivity (Caroll and Buchholtz 47). It is clear that money is not the sole motivating factor, other aspects including the working conditions impact employee management and motivation. An organization is a social unit of individuals that is designed and managed to pursue collective objectives (Caroll and Buchholtz 7). The specific characteristics of an organization include an organizational culture and the ability to work towards collective goals and objectives. Corporate culture refers to behaviours, beliefs and values that establish how a company’s management interacts with its employees and how it handles any external transactions.  Ã‚  

Code of Ethics Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Code of Ethics Paper - Essay Example (Donaldson, 2005) Section 54.1 Disclosure of Confidential Information Prohibited., Section 68: Retention of Clients records, Section 68.5 Audit Documentation Retention and Destruction Policy are the policies that when violated can lead to criminal or vivil accountant liabilities. The controversy involving powerful institutions has made an immense impact in the corporate world leading to their downfall and the implementation of stringent laws of the government. Enron and Arthur Andersen faced the collapse of their careers which affected the industry and the birth of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The largest bankruptcy in history marked the existence of fraudulent accounting procedures by Enron and Arthur Andersen in 2001. the once blue chip stock ended up to be valued for small meager amounts. Most of Enron’s profits were from transactions with controlled limited partnerships which turned into debts that were not reported on its financial statements The economic implications of the Enron case included the accounting industry’s review of their financial policies with the fear of having the same fate as Enron. Other companies who also used the same aggressive accounting methods as Enron have been affected. They steered away from the limelight and have seemed to have lay-low for the meantime while the issues are still steaming.. The existence of corporate fraud was verified by the emergence of the Enron case. With this, President George W Bush enacted a new law which targets the detection and prevention of company fraud. The US Pension regulations underwent scrutiny when it was found out that the worker of Enron lost a huge amount of money due to their pensions scheme being invested largely in Enron’s own stocks. The accounting profession tried to reconsider its structure and policies to be able to take notes of those that need to

Humanities Today Paper Essay Example for Free

Humanities Today Paper Essay Humanities are branches of knowledge that investigate human beings, their culture, and their self-expression. Distinguished from the physical and biological sciences and, sometimes, from the social sciences, the humanities include the study of languages and literatures, the arts, history, and philosophy. The modern conception of the humanities has roots in the classical Greek paideia, a course in general education dating from the fifth century BC that prepared young men for citizenship. Humanities also draw on Ciceros humanitas, a program of training for orators set forth in 55 BC. The Renaissance humanists contrasted studia humanitatis (studies of humanity) with studies of the divine; by the 19th century the distinction was instead drawn between the humanities and the sciences (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2006). The humanities are a group of academic subjects united by a commitment to studying aspects of the human condition and a qualitative approach that generally prevents a single paradigm from coming to define any discipline. The humanities are usually distinguished from the social sciences and the natural sciences and include subjects such as the classics, languages, literature, music, philosophy, the performing arts, religion and the visual arts. Other subjects at times included as humanities in some parts of the world include archaeology, area studies, communications, cultural studies and history, although these are often regarded as social sciences elsewhere (Wikipedia, 2006). Humanity in general is the experience of being human. The experience can be visual, audible or by touch. The philosophy of being human is also the aim within the general perception of humanity, thus separating the commonality understanding humanity from the personal experience of being human. The difference between the visualization of humanity and the practical application of humanity is the understanding of the critical observation of what humanity should be versus what humanity is. The larger interpretation deals with the different disciplines of science, medical and even in psychology. I do not believe that anyone can understand that the present situation globally has anything to do with humanity. For example, I do not believe that killing and raping like in Darfur or in other areas like Iraq  or Iran has anything or needs much explanation if that is also humanity and if it is not, what is it?ArtThe art of painting has been said that the painters soul speaks within the creation of the painting. For example, Leonardo DaVincis painting of Mona Lisa is not proven that Mona Lisa really smiled, yet in the eyes of the soul of Leonardo DaVinci he saw this smile which leads to the conclusion that humanity has a soul which one cannot assume in contrast to an animal. In the style of surrealism, one can make the statement that the soul is talking in a language that only the painter can understand. To finish this topic of art and humanity, it is possible to say that the soul in humanity has many different faces that is only understood by the creator. The harmony or the dis-harmony to be attracted to one or the other like Rubens painting versus Picassos abstracts indicates that the resonance of the viewer is enchanted or dismayed, thus this only shows the uniqueness of the soul. Music Music from the viewpoint of ones understanding of humanity is the rhythm of life. One would find oneself during the day humming this or that tune. One may not know why but one would be expressing the humming as joy. Theoritically one could ask the question, is music also the expression of the soul and if the answer is yes then why does the symphony entice some people but not all? So often one is confronted with the social expression that many people are gathered to be stimulated by the melody rather than the words. Case and point, when men have get togethers they are singing 99 bottles of beer on the wall which has nothing to do with the harmony or the expression of the soul and yet they are happy. Then the men start to come up with all kinds of variations of the song. If music is the expression of humanity or if humanity is the expression of music, then joy is the same. An opera for someone that likes opera, can be very moving in emotions. An overture can also be very moving. There are many people that like overtures and a cello concert and there are many people that like Christina Aguilera, Leonard Cohen or Johnny Cash. One can see as diverse the music, so diverse is humanitys perception of it. ArchitectureThe visualization of an architect to create a structure is based upon the landscape and the scenery that can entice the architect to think  and then create. It would be interesting to understand a child that creates the architecture in the clouds and tells his or her mother to look at the castle in the sky versus an architect that sees the scenery and skillfully builds the castle. That would be the different findings. Throughout history, one has seen different styles of architecture like Roman and Gothic. Roman architecture is round and gothic is more triangular. Looking at Baroque, we see straight lines. All those different architectural styles are the expression of humanity and humanitys evolution. PhilosophyPhilosophy in ones opinion is the most intriguing part of humanity. To ask a question and to not have an answer or not wanting an answer, that is philosophy. Philosophy is the purest of the interpretation of humanities which means that humanities in action is at its best. The progression of thinking. What does it mean when Socrates says, I know that I dont know or Shakepeare in Hamlet who says to be or not to be. With other words, philosophy represents the capabilities of humanities. Literature Humanity and literature go hand-in-hand with the evolution of humans and the different societies. Ancient texts like the Bible and other writings represent the history of humankind as written words where more and more use for communication. As the Bible seems to be the representation of the history of a particular group of people like the Jews, other groups like in the Mesopotamian history became less and less a real representation of history by geographic means. Literature became more poetic. For example the Mesopotamian epic story of Gilgamesh. Throughout the evolution of humankind, technology has changed the socio-economic structure which means from hieroglyphs communicated in clay or stone tablets to the skillfull calligraphy in monasteries and the triumph of the printing press by Gutenberg. Today literature is different because reading a book in the time of internet is almost a sacrilege. In not reading books in the way that it was done in the past, society has almost no time to read complete sentences because literature has also fallen in a trap that unfortunately takes away the thinking which is the hallmark of humanity. Humanity is comprised of many different cultures. Each culture has their own set of rules for humanity. The uniqueness of literature is lost in the complexity of its  many interpretations. Humanities are about being human. The idea is to draw connections between all the various creative movements and influences that exist in a culture at any given moment, as well as how these movements and influences have influenced what has come later and what we are experiencing now. References Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2006). Humanities. Retrieved November 2, 2006 fromhttp://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9367537Fiero, G. (2006). The Humanistic Tradition: The European Renaissance. The Reformationand Global Encounter. Boston, Massachusetts: McGraw-Hill. Robinson, J. (2003). What is Humanities? Retrieved on November 5, 2006 fromhttp://fp.uni.edu/robinsoj/Humanities/WHAT%20IS%20HUMANITIES.htmWikipedia the free encyclopedia (n.d.). Humanities. Retrieved November 1, 2006, fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanities